Steam or hot-water boiler



(N0 Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1. J J BLAGKMORE STEAM OR HOT WATER BOILER.

No. 580,364. Patented'Apr. 13, 1897.

' a Sheets-She et 2.

(No Model.)

J J BLAOKMORE STEAM 0R HOT WATER BOILER.

Patented Apr. 13, 1897.

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(No Model J J BLAGKMORE STEAM 0R HOT WATER BOILER.

.NO. 580,364. Patentd Apr. 13, 1897.

To uwa, WASHVNGTON u c JOSEPH J. BLACKMORE, OF JERSEY CITY, NE W JERSEY.

STEAM OR HOT-WATER, BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 580,864, dated April13, 1897. Application filed July 18,1896. Serial No. 599,658. (Nomodel.)

T0 at whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOSEPH J. BLAOKMORE, a citizen of the United States,residing at J ersey C-ity, county of Hudson, State of New Jersey, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam or HotaterBoilers,

,fully described and represented in the following specification and theaccompanying drawings, forming a part of the same.

"his invention relates to a boiler co1nprising a series of flat verticalsections each having flue-passages through the upper part andwater-legs, with firebox and ash-box between the same, and the lowerends of the waterlegs connected by a horizontal water-bar forming thebottom of the ash-box.

The top of the section and the horizontal water -bar are each providedwith an upwardly-projecting chamber having upon its opposite facescoupling-sockets adapted to receive a suitable coupling to formcontinuous passages through the series of sections, which series aredrawn together by bolts extended outside of the waterway and fittedtolugs upon the front and rear sections.

The body of the section above the fire-box is made of less thicknessthan the edges of the sections to permit the heated gases to circulatebetween the adjacent faces of the sections, and the margin of eachsection is preferably provided with a projecting rib to expose the edgeportions of the sections also to the action of the gases.

The flue-passages are preferably formed as vertical slots through thebody ofv the section, and such flue passages are divided transversely,as well as the adjacent space be tween the bodies of the sections, toform direct and return flues.

A deflecting-plate, inclined upwardly from the middle toward the ends,is preferably formed within the top of the section below thecoupling-sockets to direct the rising fluid to the sides of the sectionbefore it is discharged therefrom.

These improvements, with other details of construction, are shown in theannexed drawings, in which- Figure 1 1s a perspective elevation of theFig. 2 is a side elevation of the same. line 3 3 in Fig. 2. line 4 tinFig. 2

boiler. Fig. 3 is a cross-section on Fig. .4. is a cross-section on witha single section of rocking grate exhibited. Fig. 5 is a front elevationof the boiler with the front plate removed and one-half of the sectionshown cut open where hatched, and Fig. 6 is avertical sectional viewtaken partly on line 6 6 in Fig. 5 and partly where marked 7 in themargin of Fig. 6 upon the line 6 7 in Fig. 5. The two section-planesintersect the bottom of the ash-box at different points, the view online 6 6 showing the rectangular shape of the water-bar, while the viewon line 6 7 shows the interior of the water-chamber which is formed atthe middle of such bar, with the couplings which are fitted to theadjacent faces.

A designates the body of the section; 13, the water-legs, extendeddownward past the fire-boX C and ash-box. D, between which a grate E ofany suitable character is supported.

F is a horizontal water-bar connecting the lower parts of thewater-legs; G, a waterchamber projected from the upper side of the sameat the middle, and H a lug uponthe top of the same through which bolt Iis extended. Asimilar water-chamber G is projected from the top of thesection at the middle, and bolting-lugs H are formed at opposite sidesof the same upon the end sections to receive tiebolts 1. The bolts 1 andI serve to clamp all the sections together when in use without passingthrough or obstructing the waterway.

The water-chambers G and G are provided upon opposite faces,respectively, with coupling-sockets g g, which are shown formed withconical ground-seats to receive groundjoint nipples f, (shown in Fig.6,) which form continuous passages common to all the sections at the topand bottom of the boiler. Pipes h and h are connected, respectively,withthe chambers G and G to lead the-fluid into and from the boiler.

Vertical slots are extended through the section and divided near themiddle of their length by horizontal water-bars J, forming an upper andlower series of flue-passages K K.

The body of the section containing such flue-passages is of lessthickness than the top of the section and the edge portions of the same,and such edge portions are also made of less thickness than thewater-bar F and the water-leg below the level of the grate.

To make the entire margin of the section legs receives the return of thesame thickness and the bottom of the water-leg, a rib L is formed abovethe grate upon both faces of the section at the margin, and such ribsare drawn in contact when the sections are mounted together, as shown inFig. 1, which affords the heated gases access to the adjacent faces ofthe sect-ions at all points above the grate. A deflecting-plate Q isshown in Fig. 5 within the section between the tops of the flue-passagesand the coupling-sockets g, which, when the boiler is used forgenerating steam, is employed to separate the steam from the water andto prevent the water from boiling over. The plate Q is preferablyinclined upward from the middle toward each end.

The adjacent faces of the sections upon a level with the bars J areprovided with horizontal cleats J to support partition-plates a, whichoperate in connection with the bars J to intercept the rising gases andhold them longer in contact with the lateral faces of the sections. Oneof the partitions (t is broken in Fig. 3 to clearly exhibit the cleatsJ.

A front plate M is secured upon the front end of the sections andprovided with fueldoor an opposite the fire-box and a box orcleaning-door M, which is adapted to cover the front ends of theflue-passages K and K and to form a return-flue box for the same.

A back plate N is secured upon the rear end of the sections and providedwith a sm okebox 0, having a smoke-outlet P.

The smoke-box covers the rear ends of the flue-passages K K and isprovided with a damper 0, adapted to close the lower passages K.

The partition-plates a are supported removably by the cleats J, andwhere the draft supplied to the boiler is good such plates may beapplied, as shown in Fig. 6, to out off the direct access of the gasesfrom all the upper flue-passages K.

With the damper closed, as indicated by dotted lines 0 in Fig. 6, thegases which are intercepted by the partition plates a are thrownforwardly through the passages K into the return-flue box N and thenceinto the upper flue-passages K, from which they pass freely into thesmoke-box. The partitions a may be removed from the ribs J by turningthem up edgewise, as shown at a in Fig. 6, and then dropping them downinto the fire-box, and where the draft is defective the partitions maybe removed between the sections nearest to the return-flue box M, thusaffording the gases a shorter circuit to the smoke-box.

It will be understood that the capacity of the boiler may be varied byemploying a suitable number of the vertical sections, and the adaptationof the partitions a for removal adapts the furnace, whatever its size,to be suitably arranged for operating with the draft that maybeavailable. The horizontal waterbar which connects the bottom of thewaterfluid from the heating-radiators through the pipe h and distributesit effectively to every portion of the boiler, the heat around theash-box being fully utilized in warming the water before it enters thebody of the section. The horizontal form of the water-bars adapts themto form a flat bottom for the ash-box, and the Water-chambers G andtie-bolt I, arranged along the middle line of the bottom, are sodisposed as not to interfere with the removal of the ashes. The sectionsare of such nature that special castings are not required for the frontor rear section of the boiler, as in some constructions, and thepatterns required to make the castings for a boiler are therebyconsiderably cheapened.

The labor required to fit up and connect the several sections isexceedingly small, while the introduction of the heated gases to theentire adjacentfaces of the sections and the circulation of such gasesforward and back ward through the flue-passages K K secure a high degreeof efficiency with a minimum of cost.

Vhere the boiler is used for making steam,

the deflecting-plate Q serves a very useful purpose to prevent waterfrom boiling up into the pipes h, but where the boiler is used forheating water only the deflecting-plate is omitted from the section, asit would seriously obstruct the free passage of the water to the pipes71..

I am aware that it is common to connect fittings by means ofslip-nipples, and that it is also common to make that portion of thesection through which the smoke-fines are formed of less thickness thanthe edges of the section. My sections differ from previous constructionsin having two sets of flue-passages above the fire-arch, (which extendstransversely between the water-legs above the fire-box,) with means, asthe horizontal partition-plates a, to confine the gases to the lowerpassages in their forward movement. By this construction all thesections in the boiler may be made from the same pattern and thepartition-plates may be made to produce a direct and return movement ofthe gases, as indicated by the arrows in Fig. 6.

I am aware that horizontal water-bars have been used. over the fire-boxto form the crown of the fire-box and absorb the radiant heat, but I amnot aware that the bottom of the ash-box has ever been formed ofhorizontal Water-bars connecting the lower ends of the water-legs, suchwater-legs being extended below the level of the grate for that purpose.By this construction, and especially where the return water-pipe h isconnected with the middle of the horizontal bars F, the fluid isdistributed most effectively to every portion of the boiler and the heatradiated toward the sides and bottom of the ash-box fully utilized inwarming the water before it enters the body of the section.

Having thus set forth the nature of the invention, what I claim hereinis- IIC teeter '1. A steam or hot-water boiler comprising a series offlat vertical sections of uniform pattern, each having water-legsconnected at the bottom by a horizontal water-bar and provided uponopposite sides with couplingsockets to form a water connection, eachsection having a fire-arch extended transversely between the sides, withtwo sets of flue-passages through the section above the fire-arch, and agrate arranged intermediate to the fire arch and bottom water-bar toform a fire-box and ash-box above such water-bar, substantially asherein set forth.

2. A steam or hot-water boiler comprising a series of flat verticalsections each having two sets of flue-passages through the upper partfor the direct and return movement of the gases, and having water-legswith fire-box and ash-box-between the same, with grate supported on thewater-legs between the the box and ash-box, and the water-legs in eachsection being connected at the bottom by a horizontal water-bar with awater-chamber upon the upper side at the middle, and coupling-socketsupon the opposite sides of such chamber, as and for the purpose setforth.

3. In a steam or hot-water boiler, a series of flat vertical sectionseach having two sets of flue-passages through the upper part for thepurpose set forth, and water-legs with fire-box and ash-box between thesame, the lower ends of the water-legs being connected by a horizontalwater-bar forming the bottom of the ashbox, the top of each section andthe said water-bar being provided at the middle with upwardly-projecting water -chamhers having coupling-sockets upon oppositesides, asand for the purpose set forth.

4. A steam or hot-water boiler comprising a series of fiat verticalsections each having two sets of flue-passages through the upper partfor the purpose set forth, and having water'legs with fire-box andash-box between the same, with grate supported upon the water-legsbetween such boxes, thelower ends of the water-legs being connected by ahorizontal water-bar, and the water-leg below the level of the gratehaving the full thickness of the section, and above such level beingmade of less thickness and provided with a marginal rib at the edge, asand for the purpose set forth.

5. A steam or not-water boiler comprising a series of flat verticalsections, each having water-legs with fire-box and ash-box between thesame, and the lower ends of the waterlegs connected by a horizontalwater-bar forming a fiat bottom for the ash-box, the body of eachsect-ion above the fire-box being of less thickness than the edges ofthe section, and having two series of flue-passages extended through thesame, one above the other, with intermediate horizontal partition-platesinserted between the sections, as and for the purpose set forth.

6. A steam or hot-water boiler comprising a series of flat verticalsections, each having water-legs with fire-box and ash-box between thesame, and the lower ends of thewaterlegs connected by ahorizontalwater-bar forming a flat bottom for the ash-box, the body ofeach section above the fire-box being of less thickness than the edgesof the section, and having two series of flue-passages extended throughthe same, one above the other, supporting-ribs upon the adjacent facesof the sections between the two series of passages, partition-platessupported removably upon such ribs, a return-fine box covering bothseries of passages at the front of the boiler, and a smoke-box connectedwith the upper series at the rear of the boiler, pose set forth.

7. A steam or hot-water boiler comprising a series of flat verticalsections, each having water-legs with fire-box and ash-box between thesame, and the lower ends of the waterlegs connected by a horizontalWater-bar forming a flat bottom for the ash-box, the body of eachsection above the fire-box being of less thickness than the edges of thesection, and having two series of flue-passages extended through thesame, one above the other, with intermediate partition plates insertedbetween the sections, a return-flue box covering bothseries of passagesat the front of the boiler, and a smoke-box covering both series ofpassages at the rear of the boiler, with a damper adapted to close theoutlet from the lower series, substantially as herein set forth.

8. A steam or hot-water boiler comprising a series of fiat verticalsections having waterlegs with fire-box and ash-box between the same,and the lower ends of the water-legs connected by a horizontalwater-bar,the body of each section above the fire-box being of less thickness thanthe edges of the section, with two series of flue-passages extendedthrough the same, one above the other, a returnflue box covering bothseries of passages at the front of the boiler, means for deflecting thesmoke through the lower series of passages into such flue-box and thenceinto the upper series of passages, and a smoke-box connected with theupper series at the rear of the boiler, as and for the purpose setforth.

9. A steam or hot-water boiler comprising a series of flat verticalsections having waterlegs with firebox and ash-box between the same, andthe lower ends of the water-legs con nected by a horizontal water-bar,the body of each section above the fire-box being of less thickness thanthe edges of the section, with two series of flue passages extendedthrough the same, one above the other, and means for conducting thesmoke or gases forward through the lower series of passages andbackwardly through the upper series of passages, with a smoke-box toreceivethe gases from the same, the gases passing not only through theflue-passages but circulating between the bodies of the severalsections, substantially as herein set forth.

10. A steam or hot-water boiler com prising as and for the pura seriesof flat vertical sections, each having water-legs with fire-box andash-box between the same, and the lowerends of the water-legs connectedbya horizontal water-bar forming a flat bottom for the ash-box, the bodyof each section above the fire-box being of less thickness than theedges of the section, and having two series of flue-passages extendingthrough the same, one above the other, a return-flue box covering bothseries of passages at the front of the boiler, means for deflecting thesmoke through the lower series of passages into such flue-box and thenceinto the upper series of passages, a smoke-box covering both series ofpassages at the rear of the boiler with a damper adapted to close theoutlet from the lower series, the top of each section and the water-barat the bottom of each section being provided at the middle with anupwardly-projecting water-chamber, couplings connecting suchwater-chambers in a continuous line to form central steam and waterpassages common to all the sections, and steam and water pipes h 71,connected respectively with such central passages, as and for thepurpose set forth.

11. A steam or hot-water boiler comprising a series of flat verticalsections, each having water-legs with fire-box and ash-boxbetween thesame, and the lower ends of the water-legs connected by a horizontalwater-bar forming a Hat bottom for the ash-box, the body of each sectionabove the fire-box being of less thickness than the edges of thesection, and having two series of flue-passages extended through thesame, one above the other, with intermediate partition-plates insertedbetween the sections, the top of each section and the said water-barbeing provided at the middle upon opposite sides with couplings adaptedto form a water connection, a grate supported upon the water-legs overthe fire-box, a front plate having ash-door, fuel-door, and areturn-flue box covering both series of passages with door for cleaningout said passages, and a back plate closing the fire-box and ash-box andprovided with a smoke-box covering both series of passages, and havingadam per adapted to close the outlet from the lower series, the wholearranged and operated substantially as herein set forth.

12. In a steam or hot-water boiler, a flat vertical section havingwater-legs with fire-box and ash-box between the same, and the lowerends of the water-legs connected by a horizontal water-bar, the body ofthe section above the fire-box being of less thickness than the edges ofthe section, and having two series of flue-passages extended through thesame, one above the other, and couplingsockets upon opposite faces ofthe section at the middle of the top and bottom, substantially as hereinset forth.

13. In a steam or hot-water boiler, a flat vertical section havingwater-legs with fire-box and ash-box between the same, and the lowerends of the water-legs connected by a horizontal water-bar, the body ofthe section above the fire-box being of less thickness than the edges ofthe section, and having two series of flue-passages extended through thesame, one above the other, and the margin of the section being providedwith a rib to separate the sections when united, to expose theiradjacent faces to the heated gases, substantially as herein set forth.

14. In asteam or hot-water boiler, a flat vertical section havingwater-legs with fire-box and ash-box between the same, and the lowerends of the water-legs connected by a horizontal water-bar, the body ofthe section above the fire-box being of less thickness than the'edges ofthe section, and having two series of flue-passages extended through thesame, one above the other, and the water-leg below the level of thegrate having the full thickness of the section and above such levelbeing made of less thickness and provided with a marginal rib at theedge, and the section having coupling-sockets upon opposite faces of thesection at the middle of the top and bottom, substantially as herein setforth.

15. [u a steam or hot-water boiler, a flat vertical section havingwater-legs with fire-box and ash-box between the same, the body of eachsection above the fire-box having fluepassages-extended through thesame, coupling-sockets upon opposite faces of the section at the middleof the top, and the interior of the section between the top of thepassages and such coupling-sockets being provided with adeflecting-plate, as and for the purpose set forth.

1 6. In a steam or hot-water boiler, a flat vertical section havingwater-legs with fire-box and ash-box between the same, the body of eachsection above the fire-box having fluepassages extended through thesame, coupling-sockets upon opposite faces of the section at the middleof the top, and the interior of the section between the top of thepassages and such, coupling-sockets being provided with adeflecting-plate inclined upwardly toward each end from the middle ofthe section, as and for the purpose set forth.

17. In a steam or hot-waterboiler, a flat vertical section havingwater-legs with fire-box and ashbox between the same, the body of eachsection above the fire-box being of less thickness than the top andsides of the section, and having flue passages extended through suchbody, coupling-sockets upon opposite faces of the section at the middleof the top, and the interior of the section between the top of thepassages and such coupling-sockets being provided with adeflectingplate, substantially as set forth.

18. Asteam or hot-water boiler comprising a series of fiat verticalsections, each having water-legs with fire-box and ash-box between thesame, and the lower ends of the waterlegs connected by a horizontalwater-bar, the body of each section above the fire-box being of lessthickness than the edges of the section IOL IIO

and having a series of vertical slots forming flue passages through thesections, with means for dividing such slots transversely, and forclosing the adjacent space between the bodies of the sections to formdirect and return fines, substantially as herein set forth. 19. A steamor hot-water boiler comprising a series of flat vertical sections, eachhaving water-legs with fire-box and ash-box between the same, and thelower ends of the waterl'egs connected by a horizontal water-bar, thebody of each section above the firebox being of less thickness than theedges of the section and having a series of vertical slots form ingflue-passages through the sections, with means for dividing such slotstransversely,

